India built RuPay, China built UnionPay. There's no reason why Europe can't do the same.
The most obvious difference being that unlike China or India, Europe (or the EU) is not a single country. This doesn't make things impossible but certainly complicates them.
European countries each have their system. But they do not interoperate. You can't pay with blik in Germany, you can't pay with German debit card in Poland.
France still has CB https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CB_Bank_Card_Group