> The (desktop) Linux security model is different
In that it doesn't really exist. Sure, linux has all the capabilities to do it properly, but defaults matter in security so the way it currently works, basically every program has access to everything actually important (personal files, photos, ssh keys, etc). It just can't upgrade your GPU driver.
Security goes way beyond a technical checklist.
I trust my Linux distribution because there's a chain of trust, from the maintainers, the contributors down to the user to make sure that the software is respecting the user.
You can't fix the lack of trust you have on Android with just sandboxing.