The first question I had when watching this was how this robot doesn’t fall over with just these two tiny wheels. The center of mass is much higher than on a Segway, for example, isn’t it?
Balancing gets easier when the center of mass is high. Compare balancing a pencil on your hand vs a broomstick.
It’s dynamically balancing so wheel size doesn’t really matter as long as the wheels are responsive enough. Segways have big wheels to deal with bumps, this has smooth concrete floors to roll around on.