It's self attesting. Just set your year of birth to 1970.
I think it depends. The OS provides an API signal -- presumably that websites can access. So if a site decides you're lying, what happens then? For instance, 100% of bots and malicious actors will lie, unless they think they can get what they need by being a child.
But if they see a weird distribution of birth dates, won't they come up with even more insane regulations?