The purpose of the sandbox is to reduce permission fatigue. If it fails to run a command in the sandbox and retries it outside the sandbox, the regular permission rules apply. You'll still be prompted for any non-sandboxed tool calls that you haven't allowed or denied via permission rules.

Looking at the settings, its an option:

  Configure Overrides:                                                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                                                             
   1. Allow unsandboxed fallback                                                                                                                                            
    2. Strict sandbox mode (current)                                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                                                             
  Allow unsandboxed fallback: When a command fails due to sandbox restrictions, Claude can retry with dangerouslyDisableSandbox to run outside the sandbox (falling back to  
   default permissions).                                                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                                                             
  Strict sandbox mode: All bash commands invoked by the model must run in the sandbox unless they are explicitly listed in excludedCommands.

Disable sandbox escape:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47552165