> That's what perception is.

No, it isn't. Perception is a process, and ingress only a part of the process.

Perception (from Latin perceptio 'gathering, receiving') is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information, in order to represent and understand the presented information or environment.[2] All perception involves signals that go through the nervous system, which in turn result from physical or chemical stimulation of the sensory system.[3] Vision involves light striking the retina of the eye; smell is mediated by odor molecules; and hearing involves pressure waves.

Perception is not only the passive receipt of these signals, but it is also shaped by the recipient's learning, memory, expectation, and attention.[4][5] Sensory input is a process that transforms this low-level information to higher-level information (e.g., extracts shapes for object recognition).[5] The following process connects a person's concepts and expectations (or knowledge) with restorative and selective mechanisms, such as attention, that influence perception.

- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perception

> No they can't. There is no evidence at all of better color differentiation

Yes, there is. Example: "Russian blues reveal effects of language on color discrimination." https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17470790/

> Knowing the names of notes doesn't make it any easier to tell if a note is out of tune.

I didn't say that. But having a deep familiarity with tones does.

> Musicians learn.

Yes, I know. I majored in Music and have 30 years experience.

> they spend tremendous amounts of time listening to sound and being corrected

I'm confused since you seems to have just switched sides of the argument completely and entirely here. I'll give you the benefit of the doubt and assume you are thinking that _having_ knowledge (knowing the words and vocabulary) is what I meant. But that is not what I meant. I meant to speak about the _understanding_ you have when you intimately familiar and experienced.

> The difference between cyan and azure exists even if you don't have the vocabulary to communicate that difference to someone else.

Those colors are pretty different and aren't that interesting to study, from a linguistic relativity point of view. Colors much closer together, like #187af7, #1b85f5 and #187af7 are.