I don't necessarily support any of these, but it's essentially a solved problem when discussing the supply side - especially for artificial scarcity:

* lots of jurisdictions have occupancy taxes on vacant real estate

* taxation rules differ depending on the source of income, ex: employment vs. investment

* going concerns are legally treated different than inactive entities

* qualitative usage can define treatment

* lots of internet-focused legislation provides for challenging "what" is being served

You would think this is all in Google's best interest, as the SEO of these low-value domains is a major threat when LLMs are very effective in displacing google searches.