Which, to be fair, laid the foundation for the well-educated part.
The Soviets really valued STEM. They also quite valued emancipating women.
Just for context, in the 60s, around 5% of chemistry PhDs in the US were women. In the Soviet Union, it was 40%! [0]
Of course, that doesn't excuse all the other things they did, but the amount of badass female engineers from Eastern Europe I had the honor of working with is a direct result of the pipeline the Soviets built.
[0] https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/soviet-russia-had-...
> The Soviets really valued STEM. They also quite valued emancipating women.
Try telling this to my mother, I'm sure she'll be excited to hear how emancipated she was.
With all that Chemistry talent, they could have built and dominated battery industry.