Yeah. People have put together a Prediction Market Database [1] (in a Google sheet), I think it's pretty well sourced and shows a good number of both real money and play money prediction markets from before 2002.

DARPA did have a big role though, too.

[1] https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1vGjnJPxdnBKwag3Q9Uy_...