Wouldn't you need to rewire the headphones? Headphones use a 3-pin TRS whereas a 4-pin TRRS plug is used when you add a microphone. Regardless if the 4-pin is CTIA or OMTP, it's generally only going to get shorted to ground if a 3-pin TRS plug is plugged into a 4-pin TRRS socket, or if a 4-pin TRRS plug is plugged into a 3-pin TRS socket.
Diagram: https://i.sstatic.net/8rSD2.jpg
"Wouldn't you need to rewire the headphones?"
This is basic physics controlling the effect here, not electrical routing. Speakers are microphones by their very design. To make them work as a microphone, you merely speak into them with them plugged into an input jack that provides at minimum a line level electrical signal to be modified by wiggling the speaker cone/diaphragm back and forth.
Non-phone non-Apple devices often have a TRS microphone input separate from the TRS headphone output.