Only a small subset of native english speakers. Most don't use dashes at all, of those that do most just use minus for everything, some exceedingly small group cares about typographical details and thus distinguishes the different sorts of dashes.
It's an attention to detail thing that you'd definitely want to get right in a physical textbook or the like.
That's the same in my native language too I guess. It's used in books, sometimes in media, but not really in any casual setting I would say.