There is literally any noise from the engine, whine or otherwise. Whether a noise is bad or not can be subjective but silence is objective.
So at least for that one it kind of draws into question your overall conclusions here. You might be hearing an ICE and thinking it is electric, or some specific badly tuned vehicle or something.
I am very certain I am talking about electrical and hybrid vehicles. The first one that had me aghast was a Nissan Leaf. Today, too many. Obviously I cannot confuse them with ICE ("brooom").
The point about the "whining possibly-engine" comes from a chat with a friend, where I said that they had decided to really use the most annoying overlapped noises to make the cars audible: he replied, those are not the additional noises, but the "noises from the engine" (probably from the whole system). I don't know.
> silence is objective
The electrical and hybrid vehicles I witnessed are very far from silent (save for the bicycles - I can't assess them, too little experience). As expressed, to us those noises - running noises and operational noises - are annoying to a whole new level.