- the extent to which solutions could be implemented as text: not sure about that. AlphaFold is basically a mechanical/geometrical/Chemical problem. There are other scientific transformer based models.

- the extent which solutions exist online - if you have a strong verification tool, you can generate examples, you can generate feedback, i think you could start with small/smaller prior art

- the extent which solutions could be specified and checked - if you have a lot of priort art, maybe llm's can find the good "patterns" and compare against them, and at least get close to a good results - but you'd still need human verification.