> Pasta and other carbohydrate-rich foods are nowhere near as bad as sugar for children.

Sugar is as bad as it is because it's almost instantly absorbed. Plenty of carbohydrates are the same.

Fiber is what separates healthy carbs from unhealthy carbs, heck, even sugars.

An apple is healthy even though it's loaded with sugar because it's also loaded with fiber.

Apple juice is unhealthy because it's basically just the sugar.

Were I to guess, what's changed in italy is what's changed in the US. Flour has become highly refined, removing all the fiber that used to be present. This gives flour nice properties in terms of baking and pasta making, but it also removes a vital part of pasta.