The whole point of Lean is that you don't need to understand the entire proof to be sure that it's correct. You only need to understand the definition of the theorem being proven, and you need to trust that the relatively small core of Lean is correct.
Doesn't Lean also have libraries? Anyway, there could also be hardware errors, I suppose.
Why should you trust that the relatively small core of Lean is correct?
The core of Lean got a lot less correct when a well-meaning AI system probed Lean for corner cases (bugs) that would "prove" a false conjecture. Corner cases so arcane that no human exploit in a proof. Basically, humans are too stupid to break human-created Lean, but the AI is not.
I don't think Lean is as rigorous as you implied here.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collatz_conjecture#In_proofs_o...
> In July 2026, a disproof of the Collatz conjecture was verified not only by Lean, but another formal verification system Nanoda. However, investigation quickly revealed that the proof exploited bug(s) in these verifiers.