You can use a trigger with INSTEAD OF to update a view:

CREATE TRIGGER update_customer_emails_trigger INSTEAD OF UPDATE ON customer_emails BEGIN UPDATE customers SET email = new.email, name = new.name WHERE id = old.id; END;

Maybe that's not as flexible as you need.

SQLites process for table updates can be pretty onerous if their ALTER TABLE lacks support. Its a 12 step process the docs have the temerity to call "simple" instead of "tedious and risky" - https://www.sqlite.org/lang_altertable.html#otheralter