One night in Uzbekistan: Why was this one data point so influential?

We need something akin to the international geophysical year, but for data integrity. Make it an interdisciplinary priority to clean house and root out papers that are hanging by a thread of included / excluded outliers, biased samples, and outright fraud. It would be humbling, but we'd be in much better shape afterwards.

I'm confused as to what the actual issue was. What was the data for which Uzbekistan was the outlier and why?

My read is that the model had too much variance; more regularization was needed.