Pattern matching? Nice, I'd managed to miss that one completely, as well as the fact that Python had introduced dictionary-merging (according to a quick search, Python 3.9 introduced the | (pipe) operator for dict unions). I did know about the others you mentioned, but couldn't call them to mind when writing my comment.

But reading through a Python script that I had Claude Code write for me taught me another one: apparently there's now a / operator on strings, because Claude wrote `path = "some" / "dir" / "filename.txt"` without importing anything outside of the stdlib. I presume it is shorthand for calling os.path.join and will therefore apply the correct path separator on Linux vs Windows.