https://gps.stanford.edu/research/current-and-continuing-gps...

Single element antennas, adaptive antennas, beam steering antennas. Basically attempting to pull good RF while avoiding bad RF.

(this has been applied in the Russo-Ukrainian war in modified Starlink equipment)

GPS antenna mods make Starlink terminal immune to jammers - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39616417 - March 2024 (72 comments)

https://olegkutkov.me/2023/11/07/connecting-external-gps-ant...