Public perception is another big one.
But I think with the way AI is slated to grow exponentially it's going to hit electricity limits very soon.
Big tech can build a huge data center in 5 years but scaling up the electrical infrastructure is mired in red tape and can take on the order of decades.
How did modernization get subsumed into scaling up. The us power grid has been outdated tech for decades
Someone will likely come up with some clever way to make AI use less electricity.
There's probably something in how you design the models or chips or some other thing that will be figured out over the next 5 - 10 years to make these use dramatically less electricity.