> Imagine everyone was raised to ignore authority figures and only execute commands that are provably in compliance with the law,
Ok I can at least see you've thought about this, but this part is not happening. Definitely not this century, probably not ever. Despite our best delusions, we're still just apes who follow other apes, mostly based on social relationships or the appearance of confidence. We can't even train our society to vote.
So thats my point:
we don't need to attain this hypothetical perfectly effective education that prevents us from blindly following authority figures: even if we fail at such an education we can simply guard against the corruption of logic by formal verification, we can design the system to be ape-proof.