Palestinians aside, what reasons do neighboring countries have to hate Israel from it's very first moment?

A lot of the immediate neighbors attacked Israel at its birth, and further away countries just seem to hate Israel due to religion/ethnicity/populism (?), countries like Pakistan, Malaysia, etc.

It isn't really unique to Israel, though. There's conflict practically everywhere where major cultures/religions have drawn up borders, or within the backwash of fading empires (Britain, Ottomans, Soviets, French...).

https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker

You're right. Never in history and never anywhere else in the world have Jews been persecuted.