Or even, a golden age or a dark age for human society?
I mean, a society devoted to enriching all humans in multiple ways will want mathematicians. A society that aims to just suck all the value it can out of a given human wouldn't need and so wouldn't have mathematicians, if the answers they give can be provided by a machine.
Why would it want mathematics, id the math could be found faster without them? And even if you accept the argument that math is about human understanding (I don't buy that, it feels a lot like cope), why would anyone be a mathematician when the job consists of un-sloppifying a mountain of proofs, without the capability of meaningfully contribute to their creation?
Do we not see a path forward where the humans are further informed, don't need to do so much heavy grunt work, and thus can think on deeper questions? I really don't see the final outcome being knowledge work for humans completely disappearing. In fact having something that potentially can do it better and faster will make keeping up with that knowledge all the more fascinating won't it? This whole conversation feels like what someone with an abacus would say when they saw the first digital pocket calculator.