The other problem with the study is that it does not take income into consideration. This is my largest pet peeve with so many studies, they're basically ignoring a major indicator of quality of life and then make weird conclusions.
How would we know which way that runs? Lower income could expose you to stressors that make ADHD worse, maybe especially in childhood. But ADHD could also easily make it harder to earn money or hold a stable career down too.
it is a review of existing literature. maybe someone will attempt to explore those factors in the future.
from the paper:
"Future research should consider psychosocial and sociodemographic factors to understand how being female, being of a minoritized race or ethnicity, and having experienced childhood maltreatment may contribute to the risk of mortality in people with ADHD. More diverse and representative samples are needed to improve generalizability and to identify inclusive pathways for intervention. Subgroups of people with ADHD who experience the highest mortality risk should be examined to support informing of initiatives to reduce premature mortality in people with ADHD. Clinically, these findings underscore the importance of long-term, comprehensive care for individuals with ADHD, with particular attention to identifying and addressing modifiable factors that may contribute to excess mortality risk. The association between medication use and lower mortality also highlights the importance of equitable access to evidence-based ADHD assessment and treatment."
But ADHD has been shown to significantly affect income. It’s hard to excel in a high paying career when it’s affecting you strongly. It’s probably pretty hard to normalize for income, then, because it’s a confounding factor.