Perhaps it’s easier to define companies that are not in the tech sector better than ones that are.

Either way, I think the category still has a non-zero amount of meaning.

If your primary product is computer hardware or software and you serve more than one market, you’re probably in the tech sector.

E.g., Epic Systems is not a tech company, even though all they do is make software, since they only serve the healthcare industry.

We can’t say the same thing about Apple even though they make healthcare products and services.

Even companies like Epic Systems or other customer-specific tech industries like FinTech can get lumped in the tech industry umbrella in the right context, and I generally think that makes sense.

Developer is where I disagree with you more strongly. It is much more straightforward as “a single kind of job” in the sense that almost all of them are affected in the same ways by AI. It doesn’t really matter what company you work for: if you’re a Java developer and AI is increasing output/decreasing hours, that affects your employment status regardless of your industry.