The picture element [1], [2] supports controlling which image is used via a media selector, allowing you to serve smaller images on smaller devices and on things like the viewport orientation.
[1] https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/...
Great and all such, but it doesn't do the actual work of resizing your one highres image to all those breakpoints - which is part of the build process in NextJS.