On a laptop, yes. That's why it is not a primary device and you can revoke so it won't have continued access to your messages.
On the phone, no. You need to have a few 0-day to break into Secure Enclave to get access to Signal related keys.
You know computers have TPM chips yes?
Account is compromised as long as it could be accessible to someone for reading, and potentially impersonation. Possibility to revoke access doesn't mean 'uncompromisable', it means 'easier mitigatable'. The real barrier here is practical restriction of access, and OS-level data encryption, and it works equally well (or equally bad) for any software, whether it's XMPP-based or it's Signal.