> Is this money not understood by the tech giants taking on the debt?

There's a game-theoretic way of modelling this situation called, from memory, a modified Dutch auction. The way it works is that the winner pays the difference between their bid and the next highest bid, and so on all the way down. It models the way in which players are motivated to extend themselves almost infinitely in an attempt to win something unwinnable (what are the success criteria for "winning the AI race", in other words how do you know when you've "won"? And what do you get for "winning"?).