Until recently Brazil had no unified national ID document. Each state had theirs. It was possible to have IDs from more than one state. As the tax ID was unique for the whole country, people started using it as unique identifier of choice.
You left out the ending: now we do have an unified national ID document (under gradual adoption, it'll be a few years until it's required), and its number is that tax ID (CPF).
You left out the ending: now we do have an unified national ID document (under gradual adoption, it'll be a few years until it's required), and its number is that tax ID (CPF).