All old office laptops I had so far still had the good old CMOS/RTC battery... So if indeed the RTC is solely powered by the main battery, I would guess there's at least a backup capacitor somewhere so that it survives at least a short disconnect? If you can find that one, you can probably connect power there, but that's just me guessing...
there's an RTC indeed, I'll look further, thanks for the hint!
It’s also possible that the laptop has a CMOS battery that is now dead.