Could be that Claude has particular controversial opinions on eating disorders.
LLMs have been trained to eagerly answer a user’s query.
They don’t reliably have the judgment to pause and proceed carefully if a delicate topic comes up. Hence these bandaids in the system prompt.
There are communities of people who publicly blog about their eating disorders. I wouldn't be surprised if the laymen's discourse is over-represented in the LLM's training data compared to the scientific papers.